Sono state pubblicate a cura del Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology le linee guida sulla gestione della rinosinusite acuta (ARS – Acute Rhino-Sinusitis) e di quella cronica (CRS – Chronic Rhinosinusitis).

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Sinusitis refers to inflammation of a sinus, while rhinitis is inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane. The proximity between the sinus cavities and the nasal passages, as well as their common respiratory epithelium, lead to frequent simultaneous involvement of both structures (such as with viral infections). Given the difficulty separating the contributions of deep structure to signs and symptoms, the term rhinosinusitis is frequently used to describe this simultaneous involvement, and will be used in this text. Rhinosinusitis refers to inflammation of the nasal cavities and sinuses. When the inflammation is due to bacterial infection, it is called bacterial rhinosinusitis.

Rhinosinusitis is a frequently occurring disease, with significant impact on quality of life and health care spending, and economic impact in terms of absenteeism and productivity. It is estimated that approximately 6 billion dollars is spent in the United States annually on therapy for rhinosinusitis. A recent study in Canada described the impact of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) on patients and healthcare utilization. Patients with CRS had a health status similar to patients with arthritis, cancer, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease. Compared with people without CRS, those with CRS reported more days spent bedridden and more visits to family physicians, alternative healthcare providers, and mental health experts. These findings underscore the significant impact of this disease on patient quality of life, as well as costs of care to patients and society.